Current trends in jurisprudence regarding the protection of fundamental human rights in relation to the grounds for optional refusal of extradition of a person to the Russian Federation

Authors

  • Mihaela Elvira Pătrăuș Associate Professor, University of Oradea, Romania

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55516/ijlso.v3i1.145

Keywords:

passive extradition, European Extradition Convention of 1957, optional reason for refusal, serious risk, national and European jurisprudence.

Abstract

The phrase "security and public safety" has multiple meanings and can be analyzed by referring to the protection of fundamental human rights during judicial proceedings, including in the field of international judicial cooperation in criminal matters.

A request for the passive extradition of a national of a member state or a third country, requires the executing state to check (if the extradition affects the rights included in the content of art. 19 paragraph (2) of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (CFREU).

This paper aims to analyze the optional reason for refusing the extradition of a person to the Russian Federation, in the current international context, through the lens of national and European jurisprudence in the matter.

References

Normative acts

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, OJEU, Series C, no. 326 of 26.10.2012 Protocol no. 4 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, ratified by Romania through Law no. 30/1994, published in the Official Gazette no. 135 of 31.05.1994 and amended by Protocol no. 11, concluded in Strasbourg, 11.05.1994, ratified by Law no. 79/1995, published in the Official Gazette no. 147 of 13.07.1995;

The European Convention on Extradition (Paris, 13.12.1957), ratified by Romania through Law no. 80 of 9.05.1997, published in the Official Gazette no. 89 of 14.05. 1997, amended and supplemented by Law no. 224 of 1.06.2006 for the amendment and completion of Law 302/2004 on international judicial cooperation in criminal matters, published in M.Of. no. 534 of 21.06.2006;

Additional Protocols to the European Convention on Extradition (Strasbourg 15.10.1975; 17.03.1978; 10.11.2010) https://legislatie.just.ro/Public/Detalii Document/84567;

The Treaty on European Union, OJEU, Series C 326/13 of 26.10.2012, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/resource.html?uri=cellar:2bf140bf-a3f8-4ab2-b506-fd 71826e6da6.0001.02/DOC_1&format=PDF;

The Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, OJEU, Series C 326/47 of 26.10.2012 https://eur-lex.europa.eu/resource.html?uri=cellar:2bf140bf-a3f8-4ab2-b506-fd71826e6da6.0001.02/DOC_2&format=PDF;

Treaty between the Romanian People's Republic and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics regarding the provision of legal assistance in civil, family and criminal cases of 04/03/1958, published in the Official Bulletin no. 30 of 08/04/1958;

Resolution (99)50 on the commissioner for human rights of the council of Europe, adopted by the committee of ministers, on 7.05.99, 104TH session, Budapest,https://www.coe.int/t/commissioner/Source/ResolutionROUMAIN.pdf ;

Resolution of the European Parliament of 16.12. 2021 on the continued repression of civil society and human rights defenders in Russia, 2021/3018(RSP) https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/TA-9-2021-0509_RO.html;

Resolution of the European Parliament of 1.03.2022 regarding Russia's aggression against Ukraine (2022/2564(RSP)), OJEU Series C 125/01 of 01.03.2022;

Resolution of the European Parliament of 16.02.2023 on the one-year anniversary of the beginning of the invasion and war of aggression waged by Russia against Ukraine (2023/2558(RSP)), OJEU Series C 283 of 11.08.2023;

AGREEMENT OF 2.05.1992 ON THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AREA (EFTA), OJ SERIES L, 1/1994, VOL./11/53;

THE CONSTITUTION OF ROMANIA, PUBLISHED IN THE OFFICIAL GAZETTE NO. 767 OF 31.10.2003;

FRAMEWORK DECISION 2002/584/JAI OF 13.06.2002 ON THE EUROPEAN ARREST WARRANT AND SURRENDER PROCEDURES BETWEEN MEMBER STATES, OJEU, SERIES L 190/1 OF 18.07.2002, AMENDED BY COUNCIL FRAMEWORK DECISION 2009/299/JAI, OF STRENGTHENING THE PROCEDURAL RIGHTS OF INDIVIDUALS AND ENCOURAGING THE APPLICATION OF THE PRINCIPLE OF MUTUAL RECOGNITION REGARDING DECISIONS RENDERED IN THE ABSENCE OF THE PERSON CONCERNED FROM THE TRIAL, OJEU, SERIES L 81 OF 27.03.2009;

LAW NO. 286/2009 REGARDING THE CRIMINAL CODE, PUBLISHED IN THE OFFICIAL GAZETTE NO. 510 OF 24.07.2009, AMENDED;

LAW NO. 302/2004 ON INTERNATIONAL JUDICIAL COOPERATION IN CRIMINAL MATTERS, AMENDED AND UPDATED, BY LAW NO. 51/2021, PUBLISHED IN THE OFFICIAL GAZETTE PART I, NO. 310 OF 26.03.2021;

Monographs, articles, studies

C. Bassiouni, International extradition and world public order, New York, 1974;

M. Pătrăuș, Cooperarea judiciară internațională în materie penală. Compendium. Legislație, doctrină, jurisprudență europeană și națională, Ed. Univesul Juridic, București, 2021;

O.M. Salomia, Instrumente juridice de protecția drepturilor fundamentale la nivelul Uniunii Europene, Ed. C.H.Beck, București, 2019;

P.Craig, G. de Burca, Dreptul Uniunii Europene, Comentarii, jurisprudenţă şi doctrină, Ed. Hamangiu, Bucureşti 2017;

Bitanga, Marijan; Franguloiu, Simona; Sanchez-Hermosilla, Fernando, Guide on the procedural rights of suspected or accused persons: the right to information and the right to translation and interpretation, Onești, Magic Print Publishing House, 2018;

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S.I.Goia, Elemente ale democrației constituționale moderne, volum Colectiv ”Europe in a changing world: opportunities and challenges - In Honorem Professor Ioan Horga”, Ed. Debreceni Egyetem, Ungaria, 2021;

*S.I.Goia, Unele aspecte privind aplicarea principiilor constituționale în administrația publică, Revista Facultății de Drept nr.2/2020, Ed. PRO Universitaria, București, 2020;

E.A.Iancu, Regulation of Offences against Public Security in the Criminal Code of Romania, 2021 Int'l J. Legal & Soc. Ord. 633 (2021), International Journal of Legal and Social Order; DOI: https://doi.org/10.55516/ijlso.v1i1.45;

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M.Pătrăuș, Simona Franguloiu, Nicoleta-Elena Hegheș, Interference and Effects of European Court of Human Rights Judgments in Extradition Proceedings between Romania and the United States of America, SCIENTIA MORALITAS - International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, Vol. 8 No. 1/2023, pp. 136-150, https://www.scientiamoralitas.com/index.php/sm/index

https://www.scientiamoralitas.com/index.php/sm/issue/view/18 ;

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Jurisprudence

C-11/70, Internationale Handelsgesellschaft, judgment of 17.12.1970, ECLI: EU:C:1970:114;

C-354/20, C-412/20 PPU, L P (connected cases), judgment of 17.12.1970, ECLI:EU:C:1970:114;

C-354/20, C-412/20 PPU,L P (connected cases), judgment of 19.12.2018, ECLI:EU:C:2010:1033;

C-219/17 Silvio Berlusconi, Finanziaria d'investimento Fininvest SpA (Fininvest) v Banca d'Italia and Istituto per la Vigilanza Sulle Assicurazioni, judgment of 19.12.2018, ECLI:EU:C:2018:1023;

C-509/19,W.S.Bundersrepublik Deutschland, judgment of 12.05.2021, ECLI:EU:C:2021:376;

C-897/19 PPU, Ruska Federacija, judgment of 2.04.2020, ECLI: EU:C:2020:262;

C-182/15, Petruhhin, judgment of 6.09.2016, ECLI:EU:C:2016:630;

C-404/15 and C 659/15 PPU, Aranyosi and Căldăraru, judgment of 5.04.2016, EU:C:2016:198;

ECHR, Ahmed/Austria, judgment of 17.12.1996, Rec.1996-VI;

ECHR, Shakurov/Russia, judgment of 05.06.2012, https://www.echr.coe.int

ECHR, Soldatenko/Ukraine, judgment of 23.10.2008, https://www.echr.coe.int ;

ECHR, Bosphorus Hava Yollari Turizm/ Ireland, judgment of 30.06.2005, https://www.echr.coe.int;

ECHR, Ismailov and others/Russia, judgment of 6.04.2009, https://rm.coe.int/16806ebe18 ;

Criminal sentence no. 47/10.05.2002 of the Suceava Court of Appeal - Criminal Division and for cases with minors, definitive by criminal decision no. 339/25.05.2022 of the High Courts of Cassation and Justice - Criminal Section

Criminal sentence no. 1529/9.12.2016 rendered by the High Court of Cassation and Justice-Criminal Section.

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Published

2023-12-04

How to Cite

Pătrăuș, M. E. . (2023). Current trends in jurisprudence regarding the protection of fundamental human rights in relation to the grounds for optional refusal of extradition of a person to the Russian Federation. International Journal of Legal and Social Order, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.55516/ijlso.v3i1.145

Issue

Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023)

Section

Law

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